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''The Register'', originally the ''South Australian Gazette and Colonial Register'', was the first South Australian newspaper. It was first published in London in June 1836 and folded almost a century later in February 1931. The newspaper is the sole primary source for almost all information about the settlement and early history of South Australia. It documented shipping schedules, legal history and court records at a time when official records were not kept.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Australia's most significant 'at risk' newspapers )〕 According to the National Library of Australia, its pages contain "one hundred years of births, deaths, marriages, crime, building history, the establishment of towns and businesses, political and social comment".〔 ==History== ''The Register'' was conceived by Robert Thomas, a law stationer, who had purchased for his family of land in the proposed South Australian province after being impressed by the ideas of Edward Gibbon Wakefield. The first issue (printed by William Clowes & Sons, Duke-street, Stamford-street, Lambeth, London),〔(The Register's Fiftieth Anniversary ) ''South Australian Register'' 3 June 1887 p.6 accessed 6 June 2011〕 appeared in London on 18 June 1836 with his friend and partner, George Stevenson, as editor. Thomas embarked for South Australia aboard the ''Africaine'' later that year, arriving on 10 November 1836 with his family and equipment to set up a printing plant.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=South Australian Gazette and Colonial Register )〕 It was six months before the first colonial edition of ''The Register'' was printed on 3 June 1837 in a small mud hut on an acre in Hindley Street, near what is now named Register Place. (The colloquialism "mud hut" would seem to be an understatement for a substantial pisé building in which was operated a demy Stanhope press, an ancient wooden press, and racks holding "half a ton of bourgeois and brevier type, a good fount of small pica for printing official documents, and a quantity of general jobbing type"〔 with all the other requirements for editing, setting up, printing and distributing an admittedly small circulation newspaper.) From the start, the paper asserted a strongly independent stance.〔 Stevenson's style was vigorous and provocative, making himself and ''The Register'' several enemies. His opposition to Colonel William Light's choice of site for the new capital and J.H. Fisher as Resident Commissioner, led them and others to found the ''Southern Australian'' in direct competition with ''The Register''.〔 The paper's antagonism of Governor Gawler led to ''The Register'' losing government business notably the ''South Australian Government Gazette''. The printers Thomas & Co. had disengaged themselves from editorial content in June 1839 in a vain attempt to protect their monopoly and lost about £1,650 a year.〔 His protest that he was authorised by the British Government to do its printing failed and, insolvent, he sold the paper for £600 to James Allen (previously editor of the ''South Australian Magazine'') in 1842, as Stevenson withdrew from journalism. It was purchased by John Stephens in 1845.〔(Publication notice ) ''South Australian Register'' 25 June 1845 accesssed 26 September 2011 Previous issue of 21 June Publication notice lists James Allen as proprietor.〕 Anthony Forster became part owner in 1848; With the death of Stephens in 1850, his share was taken over by John Taylor. Forster's share was taken over by Joseph Fisher in 1853, then sold to John Howard Clark in 1865.〔("Fisher, Joseph" ) ''Australian Dictionary of Biography'' Online accessed 2 June 2011〕 The paper, having been printed sporadically previously, became weekly in June 1838 and later twice-weekly from February 1843. By 1840, ''The Register'' employed a staff of 21 and had reached a circulation of 900. On 1 January 1850, it became a daily publication, and three years later the paper was bought back by Thomas's son William Kyffin Thomas as part of South Australia's first media syndicate with Anthony Forster, Edward William Andrews and Joseph Fisher.〔 They also purchased its weekly sister publication, ''The Adelaide Observer'', and established in 1869 the ''Evening Journal'', which later became ''The News''. ''The Register'' outlasted many competitors throughout its long history, holding a monopoly on the market at various stages, but it ultimately met its match in ''The Advertiser''. ''The Advertiser'', founded in 1858, first emerged as a serious challenger to the paper in the 1870s. The defining move which swung Adelaide readership from the conservative ''Register'' to the more egalitarian ''Advertiser'' was the latter's dramatic price reduction from 2d. to 1d., and hiring an army of canvassers, on commission, to peddle the paper. The ''Register'' was slow to respond, the ''Advertiser'' started putting its circulation figures on the masthead. By the time the ''Register'' cut its price the die was cast. The ''Advertiser'' bought out ''The Register'' and closed it down in February 1931 after the Great Depression had severely reduced its fortunes, forcing it to become largely pictorial.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「South Australian Register」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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